BIO NOTES & FACTS

Protista Characteristics Eukaryotes :-Specific membrane-bound cell organelles & distinct nucleus  They are mostly  unicellular i,e made of one cell Some are autotrophic, while other are heterotrophic They prefer moist and aquatic habitats They reproduce both sexually and asexually They are plant - like protists (algae)  They are animal like - protists(protozoa) They are fungus like -protists (slime moulds, water moulds ) Protists They are of  five types:- Chrysophytes Euglenoids Protozoans Dianoflagellates Slime moulds Chrysophytes They are also known as golden plants They are diatoms  plant- like protists They contain chlorophyll, carotene, & Xanthophylls Rigid cell wall made of pectin/cellulose/sillica Habitat:-  Aquatic Can be fresh water/ marine Float passively on water Mostly photosynthetic Diatoms: main producers of food in oceans  Store food as oil  Few are heterotrophic eating ...

Kingdom monera  Eubacteria They are true bacteria Flagellum is present in them  They have a rigid cell wall Habitat :-  They can be found almost everywhere including human beings, may occupy moist habitats Nutrition Photosynthetic autotrophs :- Cynobacteria (  blue green algae ) - They prepare their own food in the presence of sunlight with chlorophyll Chemosynthetic autotrophs :-They prepare their own food with the help of chemicals (oxidising nitrites, nitrates, ammonia ) .  They help in recycling of nutrients like sulphur nitrogen etc Heterotrophs :- They are saprophytes , decomposers ,feed on dead and decomposed organisms/matter , parasites, live inside  other organisms & derive from them. Cynobacteria (blue green algae) cyno refers to blue ; hence termed as cynobacteria They perform photsynthesis  They are responsible for enriching atmosphere with oxygen Heterotrophic eubacteria They are decomposers -bacillus...

MONERA: BACTERIA Characteristics These are the oldest life forms  prokaryotes: no defined cell organelles  or nucleus They are unicellular Some are autotrophic, while others are heterotrophic Autotrophic: prepare their own food - photosynthetic and chemosynthetic Heterotrophic: they depend on others for their food.  Bacteria Appear in variety of shapes and sizes Inhabit soil, water, radioactive waste & the  deep portions of the earth's crusts, deep oceans, hot springs, snow, deserts. Live in plant /animal bodies  It shows symbiosis: a relationship of mutual  benefit between two organism. There are four types of bacteria based on shapes :- coccus(spherical), Bacillus(cylindrical), Vibrium(comma shaped), spirrillum(spiral) Some bacteriae:- Archaebacteria Eubacteria Mycoplasma Cynobacteria E.coli Archaebacteria These are ancient bacteria found on earth They have a rigid cell wall Habitat:-extreme habitats, High sal...

Biological classification Topics Introduction 2-kingdom classification whittaker 5-kingdom classification kingdom monera  Archaebacteria Eubacteria Mycoplasma kingdom protista chrosophytes Dianoflagellates Euglenoids Slime moulds Protozoans Kingdom fungi Phycomycetes Ascomycetes Basidiomycetes Deuteromycetes Viruses,viroids &lichens Introduction classification of living organism classifying living organism into groups based on their certain  set of characteristics (characteristics is a feature or a quality belonging to a particular  organism) Aristotle's attempt to classify living organism. He classified organisms based on habitats Land (terrestrial) -cat, dogs,human beings water(aquatic )-fish,shark,octopus Air(aerial )-bat,crow etc. He classified plants also; Herbs Shrubs Trees But then this type of classification is not very effective,because it was seen that even though there we...